Air stream fuel injector



FIG.

Nov. 29, 1960 E. L. PEAK 2,962,270

AIR STREAM FUEL INJECTOR Filed May 8, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN TOR. EAEL L PEA'K,

Nov. 29, 1960 L. PEAK 2,962,270

AIR STREAM FUEL INJECTOR Filed May 8, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 AVG. 4.

INVENTOR. E/JeL L. P546,

Unitfi 559165 atent AIR STREAM FUEL INJECTOR Earl L. Peak, 718 S. Main St., Henderson, Ky.

Filed May 8, 1959, Ser. No. 812,055

3 Claims. (Cl. 26150) This invention relates to carburetion devices for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to an improved device for simultaneously adjusting the air intake and fuel injection to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

A main object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved carburetor for an internal combustion engine, the carburetor being simple in construction, involving relatively few parts, and providing a means to obtain a very accurate adjustment of the ratio of fuel to air in the mixture supply to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and to provide a means for simultaneously varying the fuel andair flow to the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved carburetor for internal combustionengines, the carburetor involving inexpensive components, being durable in construction, and providing an accurate degree of control over the fuel mixture supplied to the intake manifold of the engine with which the device is associated whereby waste of fuel is reduced to a minimum and whereby raw fuel cannot be furnished to the engine after the ignition is turned off. a

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved carburetor for an internal combustion engine wherein accurate control of the fuel and air forming the combustible mixture supplied to the associated internal combustion engine is provided and wherein the fuel and air are simultaneously controlled so that there is nolag in acceleration of the engine when the device is operated to increase the supply of combustible mixture to the engine. 7

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and claims, and from the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevatlonal view of an improved carburetor constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical cross sectional view taken through the fuel conduit member and the tapered plug member associated therewith, forming part of the carburetorshown in Figures 1 to 4.

Referring to the drawings, the improved carburetor of the present invention is designated generally at 11 and comprises a generally cylindrical vertical housing 12 forming a main passage for the intake air stream furnished to the annular bottom connection bracket 13 which connects the housing 12 to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. Designated at 14 is a circular butterfly valve which is rotatably mounted in the upper portion of the cylindrical housing 12, for example, on a transverse shaft 15 projecting outwardly, from opposite sides of the housing 12, as shown in Figure 2.

Secured to one end of the shaft 15, namely, the left end 9 of the shaft, as viewed in Figure 2, is an L-shaped lever 16 having a substantially horizontal upper arm 17 and a depending, substantially vertical lower arm 18 which is engageable with an adjustable stop scrw 19 mounted in a bracket 20 secured to the housing 12, to limit rotation of the lever 16 to the position thereof illustrated in Figure 1, namely, to the position thereof wherein the circular butterfly valve 14 is in a substantially horizontal position. In this position the butterfly valve 14 substantially closes oli the top portion of housing 12 and allows only a relatively small amount of air to pass downwardly into the housing.

As will be readily apparent, the normal position of the butterfly valve 14 may be adjusted by adjusting the stop screw 19.

Designated at 21 is a fuel inlet conduit member which is mounted in the lower portion of the housing 12 and which comprises a vertical main body 22 and a laterally extending fuel inlet tube 23 which communicates with a vertical passage 24 formed in the main body. The vertical passage 24 communicates at its lower end with a horizontal passage 25 which in turn communicates with an upwardly flaring vertical discharge nozzle 26 which is located substantially axially in the housing12,,as is clearly shown in Figure 3. The discharge nozzle 26 terminates at its upper end in a .conically beveled rim portion 27 defining an upwardly flaring annular passage with respect to a downwardly tapering plug member 28 which is positioned in the downwardly tapering nozzle 26, in a manner presently to be described.

The tube 23 is connected to a fuel supply conduit 29 which includes a cutoffvalve 30, the cutoff valve being of conventional construction and including a rotatablevalve core 31 which is provided with an operating arm 32. A control cable 33 is connected to the operating arm 32, the cable 33 extending to the dash board of the motor vehiclewith which the device is associated and being provided at the dash board with a. control knob so that the operator may at times close the valve 30 to cut off the supply of fuel to the conduit member 21.

vSecured in the wall of the housing 12 above the horizontal tube 23 is a bearing sleeve 34, which may be externally threaded, so as to threadedly engage in the wall of the housing 12 andso as to be locked in a suitably adjusted position by means of a'lock nut 35 provided externally on the sleeve. A shaft member 36 is rotatably mounted in the bearing sleeve 34, and an arm 37 is rigidly secured to the inner end of shaft 36. Rigidly secured to the end of the arm 37 is a horizontal pin member 38 which is rotatably engaged in the lower portion of a sleeve member 39 and which may be provided with suitable means, such as cotter pins, retaining the sleeve member 39 connected thereto.

The plug member 28 is tapered downwardly substantially with the same degree of downward convergence as the tapered nozzle 26 and is provided at its intermediate portion with the horizontal outwardly extending annular deflecting flange 40 which is spaced above and which overlies the beveled annular recess 27 in the top rim of the nozzle 26. Rigidly secured to the plug member 28 above the flange 40 is the'horizontal, outwardly projecting cylindrical arm 41 which is slidably and rotatably engaged through the sleeve member 39, as shown in Figure 3. The top end portion of the upstanding shank element 42 of plug member 28 extends slidably through the central aperture 43 of a horizontal cross bar 44 secured diametrically in the intermediate portion of housing 12.

As will be readily apparent, the central aperture 43 of the cross bar 44 guides the plug member 28 for vertical axial movement in the housing 12, such move- 2,962,270 Patented Nov. 29, 1960 ment being produced by rotation of the shaft 36 in a manner presently to be described.

Designated at 45 is an operating arm which is rigidly connected to the outer end of theshaft 36 and which is disposed in the same vertical plane as and substantially parallel to the upper arm 17 of lever 16. Respective sleeve-like bracket members 46 and 47 are pivotally connected to the outer end portions of the arms 17 and 45, the bracket members 46 being provided with outwardly projecting flanges 48 and 49. A threaded link bolt 50 is engaged through the flange 48 and is threadedly engaged with the flange 49, the bolt 50 being locked to the flange 48 by a lock nut 51 provided on the bolt 50 subjacent the flange 48, as shown in Figure 1 A similar lock nut 52 is provided on the bolt 50 adjacent the flange 49 and may be tightened against said flange to lock the bolt 50 to the flanges 48 and 49 in a desired position of adjustment.

As will be readily apparent, the arms 17 and 45 are linked together by the brackets 46 and 47 and the connecting bolt 50, whereby shaft 15 rotates simultaneously with shaft 36.

Secured to the remaining end of the shaft 15, namely, the right end thereof, as viewed in Figure 2, is an arm 54 which is connected in any suitable manner to the accelerator pedal of the motor vehicle with which the device is associated, for example by a suitable linkage or by a suitable flexible cable.

Designated at 55, 55 are a pair of upwardly inclined baffle plates which are secured on diametrically opposite portions of the cross bar 44, said baffle plates being arcuately curved and being concave upwardly, as shown in Figure 2 and being disposed in diametrically opposed positions in the housing 12, as shown in Figure 4, whereby to provide a certain amount of turbulence in the air stream passing downwardly through the housing so as to facilitate mixture of the air with the vaporized fuel emerging from the top end of the nozzle 26. Designated at 56 is a conduit member which is connected to the intermediate portion of the housing 12 immediately above the cross bar 44, as shown in Figure 3, the conduit 56 being adapted to be connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine with which the device is associated, through a suitable filter device, whereby heated gas from the exhaust manifold may be employed to increase the temperature in thehousing 12, whereby to preheat the airfuel mixture produced in the device. This is advantageous, especially in cold weather. a

As will be readily understood, he fuel line 29 extends from the fuel pump associated with the engine, which provides a pressure in the liquid fuel, causing the liquid fuel to pass through the passages 24 and 25 of the conduit member 21 and to be discharged upwardly through the upwardly flaring nozzle 26 through the annular space defined between the plug member 28 and said nozzle, finally emerging at the annular upwardly flaring recess 27 in the form of an extremely thin annular film of liquid fuel. The liquid fuel discharging from the space 27 vaporizes substantially instantly and is deflected outwardly by the horizontal annular flange 4-0 into the mixing chamber defined immediately above the flange 40, said mixing chamber being somewhat larger in diameter than the intake manifold opening, shown at 57. The stationary impeller vanes 55, 55 create a high degree of turbulence in the mixing chamber, whereby the air which swirls downwardly past the vanes 55 mixes thoroughly with the vaporized fuel in the space immediately below the cross bar 44.

The nozzle 26 and the plug member 28 are relatively elongated, whereby the long taper provides very accurate metering of the liquid fuel passing upwardly through the annular space defined between the plug 28 and the nozzle 26. Thus, only a relatively small change takes place in the cross sectional area of said annular space for a relatively large axial movement of the plug member 28.

As will be readily understood, the butterfly valve 14 is rotated simultaneously with the axial movement of the plug member 28, whereby the air intake is controlled simultaneously with the control of the liquid fuel discharging into the mixing space below the cross bar 44 in the housing 12.

A substantially constant pressure of fuel injection is required in order to provide proper operation of the carburetor, and for this purpose any suitable conventional pressure regulating valve may be employed in conjunction with the fuel pump employed in the fuel supply line 29.

The fuel cutoff valve 30 may be operated by the control Wire, as above described, or may alternatively be operated electrically by a suitable solenoid device.

As above mentioned, the throttle control rod of the vehicle with which the device is associated is connected to the arm 54 and thus controls engine speed. The members 46 and 47 employed to connect the link bolt 50 to the arms 17 and are preferably adjustably mounted on the arms 17 and 45 so that their positions may be regulated to thereby adjust the possible fuel-air ratios available by use of the carburetor.

While a specific embodiment of an improved carburetor has been disclosed in the foregoing description, it will be understood that various modifications within the spirit of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that no limitations be placed on the invention except as defined by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A carburetor for creating a fuel mixture in the air intake of an internal combustion engine comprising a housing forming a main passage for the intake air stream, a butterfly valve rotatably mounted in said housing to control the intake air stream, a fuel inlet conduit mounted in said housing below said butterfly valve, said inlet conduit being formed with an upwardly flaring outlet nozzle of substantial height extending substantially axially in the housing, a downwardly tapering plug member disposed in said nozzle, and being tapered substantially at the same angle of downward convergence as said nozzle, said plug member having a vertical shank element at its top portion, a centrally apertured horizontal cross bar mounted in the housing between said butterfly valve and i said fuel inlet conduit and slidably receiving said shank element, guiding said plug member axially, respective upwardly inclined baffle plates secured at their lower ends on the cross bar on opposite sides of said shank element, said plug member and outlet nozzle defining an annular fuel outlet passage therebetween varying in area in accordance with the axial adjustment of the plug member, a horizontal shaft journaled in a wall of the housing adjacent said plug member, means operatively connect ing said shaft to said shank element, and link means connecting said shaft to the butterfly valve, whereby to simultaneously rotate said butterfly valve and adjust said plug member vertically in said nozzle.

2. A carburetor for creating a fuel mixture in the air intake of an internal combustion engine comprising a housing forming a main passage for the intake air stream, a butterfly valve rotatably mounted in said housing to control the intake air stream, a fuel inlet conduit mounted in said housing below said butterfly valve, said inlet conduit being formed with an upwardly flaring outlet nozzle of substantial height extending substantially axially in the housing, a downwardly tapering plug member disposed in said nozzle and being tapered substantially at the same angle of downward convergence as said nozzle, said plug member having a vertical shank element at its top portion, a centrally apertured horizontal cross bar mounted in the housing between said butterfly valve and said fuel inlet conduit and slidably receiving said shank element, guiding said plug member axially, respective upwardly inclined bafie plates secured at their lower end on the cross bar on opposite sides of said shank element, said plug member and outlet nozzle defining an annular fuel outlet passage therebetween varying in area in accordance with the axial adjustment of the plug member, an annular horizontal deflecting flange on the plug member and extending a substantial distance outwardly beyond and spaced above the top rim of said nozzle, said deflecting flange being located below said cross bar and baffle plates, a horizontal shaft journaled in a wall of the housing adjacent said plug member, means operatively connecting said shaft to said shank element, and link means connecting said shaft to the butterfly valve, whereby to simultaneously rotate said butterfly valve and adjust said plug member vertically in said nozzle.

3. A carburetor for creating a fuel mixture in the air intake of an internal combustion engine comprising a housing forming a main passage for the intake air stream, a butterfly valve rotatably mounted in said housing to control the intake air stream, a fuel inlet conduit mounted in said housing below said butterfly valve, said inlet conduit being formed with an upwardly flaring outlet nozzle of substantial height extending substantially axially in the housing, a downwardly tapering plug member disposed in said nozzle, and being tapered substantially at the same angle of downward convergence as said nozzle, said plug member having a vertical shank element at its top portion, a centrally apertured horizontal cross bar mounted in the housing between said butterfly valve and said fuel inlet conduit and slidably receiving said shank element, guiding said plug member axially, respective upwardly inclined batfle plates secured at their lower ends on the cross bar on opposite sides of said shank element, said plug memher and outlet nozzle defining an annular fuel outlet passage therebetween varying in area in accordance with the axial adjustment of the plug member, an annular horizontal deflecting flange on the plug member and spaced above the top rim of said nozzle, said deflecting flange being located below said cross bar and baflle plates, a horizontal shaft journaled in a wall of the housing adjacent said plug member, a horizontal arm on said shank element, an arm secured to the inner end of said shaft, mean-s operatively coupling said arms together, whereby to connect said shaft to said shank element, and link means connecting said shaft to the butterfly valve whereby to simultaneously rotate said butterfly valve and adjust said plug member vertically in said nozzle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,128,079 Dawes Aug. 23, 1938 2,297,550 Gistucci Sept. 29, 1942 2,595,721 Snyder May 6, 1952 

